Plan Nacional Antidrogas 2019-2025

Objectives

The National Anti-Drug Plan 2019-2025 establishes an integrated, human-centred and multidisciplinary framework to address illicit drug trafficking, harmful drug use and associated social, health and security harms. It aligns with Venezuela’s national development framework and seeks to contribute to national security, public wellbeing, social inclusion and a culture of peace through shared but differentiated responsibility.[1][2][3][4]

The plan addresses both supply and demand, combining prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, social reintegration, trafficking control, chemical-substance regulation, research, communications, institutional development and international cooperation. It prioritises children and adolescents, families, communities and people experiencing drug-related problems, while recognising gender considerations, regional risks and the need for geographically targeted action.[1][5][6][7][8][9]

• Strengthen comprehensive prevention in families, educational institutions, workplaces, communities and georeferenced Peace Quadrants, including universal, selective and indicated prevention, early detection, cultural, recreational and sporting activity, and the promotion of protective factors.[1][6][7][10][11]
• Expand timely, accessible treatment, rehabilitation and social-reintegration services through the Public National System for the Care and Treatment of Addictions, including integrated biopsychosocial care and support for family, education, employment and community inclusion.[12][13][14][9][15]
• Reduce illicit drug supply by strengthening control, interdiction, intelligence, investigation and justice responses across land, maritime, river, air, postal and digital routes, particularly in border and other priority areas.[16][17][18][19]
• Prevent diversion of controlled chemicals and pharmaceutical products into illicit manufacture through inspections, traceability, risk management, scientific studies and coordination with regulated operators.[20][21][22][23]
• Improve evidence-based policy by developing drug observatories, early-warning arrangements, epidemiological research, georeferenced information systems and technological platforms for decision-making.[24][25][26][27][28]
• Strengthen Venezuela’s international role through bilateral, regional and multilateral cooperation based on sovereignty, self-determination, shared responsibility, information exchange and dissemination of national experience.[29][30][15][31][32]

Implementation

Implementation is designed as a participatory, inter-institutional and territorially organised model. The National Anti-Drug Office is the lead authority for formulating and implementing anti-drug policies and strategies, coordinating with public bodies, security and justice institutions, treatment services, communities, private-sector actors and international partners.[2][5][7][9]

Delivery is intended to combine national policy coordination with locally adapted interventions in Peace Quadrants and Strategic Regions for Integral Development. National consultations, situational diagnoses and community participation are used to identify local risks and inform planning, while annual operational plans translate the National Anti-Drug Plan into scheduled activities.[3][33][34][35][36][37]

• Coordinate prevention through public institutions, community councils, families, educational settings, workplace bodies, the Preventive Front, popular-power organisations, public and private media, and regional and local authorities.[5][38][10][39][40]
• Deliver treatment through a national network of care centres, strengthen state, municipal and parish anti-drug offices, establish unified treatment models and registers, and extend rehabilitation support to prisons and security institutions.[12][8][14][41][9]
• Integrate operational enforcement through the Bolivarian National Armed Force, citizen-security bodies, investigative agencies, the Public Prosecutor’s Office, customs, migration, aviation, aquatic-space and transport authorities, supported by intelligence and joint protocols.[16][17][42][43]
• Establish specialised systems and networks, including counter-narcotics intelligence analysis, drug observatories, a unified technological platform, chemical-diversion controls, postal monitoring, community intelligence networks and risk-management arrangements.[18][19][44][24][25][27]
• Mobilise resources through alternative financing mechanisms, taxes and assets linked to offences under the Organic Law on Drugs, including support for prevention, trafficking-control and addiction-treatment activities; no overall quantified budget is specified in the supplied material.[5][45][46][47]
• Monitor implementation through annual operational planning, management reports, supervision, institutional data systems, observatory information, baseline comparisons and impact indicators; the plan also proposes quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods, but reporting timetables and comprehensive targets are not consistently specified.[36][37][48][49]

Monitoring & Evaluation

The plan establishes a broad monitoring, control and evaluation architecture combining operational data, observatory information, annual planning, programme supervision and impact assessment. It aims to identify implementation deviations early, support corrective action and assess social effects against baseline conditions.[36][37]

• Monitor implementation through annual Operational Plans, management reports, checklists, supervision reports, meeting records and other information-collection instruments.[36][37]
• Compare monitoring information with the plan’s original planning logic to determine actual implementation progress, and classify institutional performance as satisfactory, requiring improvement or critically delayed.[36][49]
• Measure impact by relating baseline conditions to planned targets and by examining anticipated and unanticipated positive or negative social effects.[37][48]
• Use quantitative and qualitative methods, including documentary review, statistical sampling, surveys, interviews and discussion meetings, with triangulation of evidence to strengthen analysis.[48][49]
• Support evidence-based policy through the Venezuelan Drug Observatory, georeferenced analysis, state observatories, early-warning arrangements, epidemiological research and interoperable information exchange.[6][26][27][28]
• Track operational drug-control information, including seizures, arrests, trafficking routes, laboratories, unauthorised airstrips, aircraft actions, complaints processed, interdiction interventions, incinerations and trained personnel.[16][17]
• Monitor chemical-substance controls through inspections, quantities retained or seized, implementation of the national control and inspection plan, protocols and agreements of the Network Against Chemical-Substance Diversion, and specialist publications.[21][22]
• Track prevention delivery by intervention area, sex and disability status, people reached, activities undertaken, materials distributed, Peace Quadrants covered and localities not reached.[50][51]
• Supervise treatment and rehabilitation through toxicological screening, patient and substance-use profiles, a unified register of treatment-service users, annual register audits, programme follow-up and two supervisory visits plus one inspection per treatment centre each year.[12][8][13][41][9]
• Follow social reintegration through monitoring of inclusion, employment and orientation programmes for graduates of the Public National System for the Care and Treatment of Addictions.[9][15]
• Assess prevention campaigns, family-strengthening interventions, curriculum measures, early-detection protocols, inter-institutional agreements and regional programmes adapted to sociocultural conditions and risk factors.[10][11][35][8]
• Use technology-supported monitoring through the Socialist Comprehensive Anti-Drug System, real-time information exchange, secure infrastructure and indicators on whether technological projects, reports and systems are operational.[24][25][52]
• Maintain accountability for international cooperation through reviews of instruments and commitments, standardised forms and questionnaires, diagnostic reports, participation indicators and technical advisory reports.[15][53][54][55]
• Apply financial accountability through reports on tax collection under the Organic Law on Drugs, prevention-project financing, social oversight of Fona-financed projects and automated tracking of community project submissions.[46][47][56]

Several sections specify baseline data, including drug-control operations, prevention activity, treatment screening, chemical inspections, communications outputs and training delivery, but many do not provide quantitative targets, standard reporting frequencies, independent evaluation arrangements or sanctions for non-performance.[57][12][21][50][39][58]

Costing & Financing

Financing is principally linked to public fiscal and asset-management mechanisms rather than to a quantified plan budget. The source repeatedly identifies resource requirements and financing pathways, but does not provide total costs, budget allocations, expenditure ceilings, funding gaps, currencies or economic assumptions for the National Anti-Drug Plan.[52][45][46][47][56]

• Mobilise revenue from taxes established under the Organic Law on Drugs to finance prevention, illicit-trafficking control and the Public National System for the Care and Treatment of Addictions.[47][56]
• Use physical and financial resources derived from drug-related offences, including assets secured, confiscated, seized or disposed of through the justice system, to support prevention, enforcement-related strategies and addiction treatment.[45][59][46]
• Strengthen the National Anti-Drug Fund’s fiscal management, state-level operating capacity, collection processes, technology platform, taxpayer support, inspector training and oversight of financed projects.[46][47][56]
• Provide operational resources for asset identification, registration, recovery, custody and management, including protected servers, advanced technology, strengthened human resources and a georeferenced situation room.[59][60][46]
• Prepare and submit funding proposals for inter-institutional information, research and observatory projects, including software and hardware investment for state anti-drug observatories.[26][27]
• Seek financing for technological-platform upgrades and adaptation, while guaranteeing investment, staff training and security for integrated technological infrastructure.[52]
• Support sustainable and self-sustaining local development projects through financing competitions administered through Fona, although no amount or expanded name for Fona is provided.[61]
• Identify unfunded resource needs for prevention, treatment, chemical control, intelligence, surveillance, canine training, laboratory work, communications, research and rehabilitation, without assigning monetary values.[18][19][44][14][52]

Regional consultations identify shortages of medicines, therapeutic equipment, trained health personnel, treatment and rehabilitation capacity, operational resources and other inputs as implementation constraints.[62][63][36]Alternative financing mechanisms for drug-related plans, programmes and projects are also identified, but their sources and operating arrangements are not specified.[5]